JOURNAL OF CHILEAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY

Vol 66 No 3 (2021): Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society
Short Communications

IMPACT OF COVID-19 LOCKDOWN ON NO2, NOX, O3 AND PM2,5 CONCENTRATIONS IN SANTIAGO DE CHILE

Sonnia Parra Vargas
PUCV
Published September 14, 2021
Keywords
  • Coronavirus COVID-19 Atmospheric contamination Santiago-Chile
How to Cite
Parra Vargas, S., & Bravo, M. (2021). IMPACT OF COVID-19 LOCKDOWN ON NO2, NOX, O3 AND PM2,5 CONCENTRATIONS IN SANTIAGO DE CHILE. Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 66(3), 5259-5261. Retrieved from https://jcchems.com/index.php/JCCHEMS/article/view/1753

Abstract

Based on the spread of the COVID-2019, a lockdown was declared in the Santiago Metropolitan area in Chile.  The application of containment measures allowed to reduce the impact of the COVID-2019 pandemic on the National Health System (MINSAL) but at the same time these restriction measures gave also the opportunity to assess the effect of anthropogenic activities on air pollutants. A comparative study of typical behavior of atmospheric pollutants O3, NO2, NOx and PM2.5 during the years 2015-2020 are presented.

For the eight studied stations (Las Condes, Pudahuel, El Bosque, Cerro Navia, La Florida, Independencia, Parque O`Higgins and Puente Alto) it was possible to determine the seasonal variation of NO2, NOx, O3 and PM2.5.

As results of impact of the lockdown, in this paper we have been determined a significant reduction of pollutants concentration mainly due to vehicular traffic.

 

1753.jpg

References

  1. BBC, 2020. Coronavirus: Chile decreta el “estado de catástrofe” .
  2. Berman, J.D., Ebisu, K., 2020. Changes in U . S . air pollution during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci. Total Environ. 739, 139864.
  3. Calesso, E., Ramos, E., Santana, D., Wiegand, F., Fachel, J., 2009. Measurement of surface ozone and its precursors in an urban area in South Brazil. Atmos. Environ. 43, 2213–2220.
  4. Ciampi, E., Uribe, R., Cárcamo, C., 2020. COVID-19 pandemic : The experience of a multiple sclerosis centre in Chile. Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord. 42, 102204.
  5. Collivignarelli, C., Abba, A., Pedrazzani, P.,Ricciardi, P., 2020. Lockdown for CoViD-2019 in Milan : What are the effects on air quality ? Sci Total Environ. 732: 139-280.
  6. ESA, 2020. Coronavirus Lockdown Leading to Drop in Pollution across Europe. Eur. Sp. Agency.
  7. Eilers, P., 2003. A Perfect Smoother . Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 3631-3636
  8. Farhan, M., Jiang, B., Komal, B., Adnan, M., Hassan, T., Iqbal, N., Bashir, M., 2020. Correlation between environmental pollution indicators and COVID-19 pandemic : A brief study in Californian context. Environ. Res. 187, 109652.
  9. Gramsch, E., Cereceda-balic, F., Oyola, P., Baer, D. Von, 2006. Examination of pollution trends in Santiago de Chile with cluster analysis of PM 10 and Ozone data. Atmospheric Environ. 40, 5465-5475
  10. He, G., Pan, Y., Tanaka, T., 2020. COVID-19 , City Lockdowns , and Air Pollution : Evidence from China. MedRxiv.
  11. Hudda, N., Simon, M.C., Patton, A.P., Durant, J.L., 2020. Reductions in traffic-related black carbon and ultra fi ne particle number concentrations in an urban neighborhood during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci. Total Environ. 140931.
  12. INE, 2017. Demographic data (in Spanish) Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas, Santiago.
  13. Jorquera, H., 2002. Air quality at Santiago , Chile : a box modeling approach F I . Carbon monoxide , nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide. Atmos. Environ. 36, 315–330.
  14. Kondo, L., Custodio, R., 2020. Science of the Total Environment COVID-19 pandemic : Impacts on the air quality during the partial lockdown in São Paulo state , Brazil. Sci. Total Environ. 730, 139087.
  15. Lee, D., Holland, R., Falla, N., 1996. The potential impact of ozone on materials in the U.K. Atmos. Environ. 30, 1053–1065.
  16. Li, J., Nagashima, T., Kong, L., Ge, B., Yamaji, K., Fu, J.S., Wang, X., Fan, Q., 2019. Model evaluation and intercomparison of surface-level ozone and relevant species in East Asia in the context of MICS-Asia Phase III – Part 1 : Overview . Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 12993–13015.
  17. Minsal, 2020a. Plan de acciòn coronavirus Covid-19 . www.minsal.cl
  18. Minsal, 2020b. Informe Epidimiologico Enfermedad por COVID-19.
  19. Moisan, S., Herrera, R., Clements, A., 2018. A dynamic multiple equation approach for forecasting PM 2 . 5 pollution in Santiago , Chile. Int. J. Forecast. 34, 566–581.
  20. Monks, P.S., Archibald, A.T., Colette, A., Cooper, O., Coyle, M., Derwent, R., Fowler, D., Granier, C., 2015. Tropospheric ozone and its precursors from the urban to the global scale from air quality to short-lived climate forcer . Atmos. Chem. Phys., 15, 8889–8973
  21. Nuñez, L., Jordanova, P., Nicolis, O., Stehlík, M., 2019. Small sample robust approach to outliers and correlation of atmospheric pollution and health effects in Santiago de Chile . Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems. 12, 73-84.
  22. Otmani, A., Benchrif, A., Tahri, M., Bounakhla, M., Mahjoub, E., El, M., Krombi, M., 2020. Impact of Covid-19 lockdown on PM 10 , SO2 and NO2 concentrations in Salé City ( Morocco ) in Salé city . Sci. Total Environ. 735, 139541.
  23. Prieto, L., Yohannessen, K., Brea, C., Vidal, D., Ubilla, C.A., Ruiz-rudolph, P., 2017. symptoms in asthmatic and nonasthmatic children in Santiago, Chile. Environ. Int. 101, 190–200.
  24. Pudasainee, D., Sapkota, B., Lal, M., 2006. Ground level ozone concentrations and its association with NOx and meteorological parameters in Kathmandu valley, Nepal. Atmospheric Environment.40, 8081-8087.
  25. Rappengluck, B., Schmitz, R., Bauerfeind, M., Cereceda-balic, F., Baer, D. Von, Jorquera, H., Silva, Y., Oyola, P., 2005. An urban photochemistry study in Santiago de Chile. Atmos. Environ. 39, 2913–2931.
  26. Rubio, M.A., Oyola, P., Gramsch, E., Lissi, E., Pizarro, J., Villena, G., 2004. Ozone and peroxyacetylnitrate in downtown Santiago , Chile. Atmos. Environ. 38, 4931–4939.
  27. Schmitz, R., 2005. Modelling of air pollution dispersion in Santiago de Chile. Atmos. Environ. 39, 2035–2047.
  28. Sharma, S., Zhang, M., Gao, J., Zhang, H., Harsha, S., 2020. Effect of restricted emissions during COVID-19 on air quality in India. Sci. Total Environ. 728, 138878.
  29. Tobías, A., Carnerero, C., Reche, C., Massagué, J., Via, M., Minguillón, M.C., Alastuey, A., Querol, X., 2020a. Changes in air quality during the lockdown in Barcelona ( Spain ) one month into the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. Sci. Total Environ. 726, 138540.
  30. Toro, R., Kvaki, M., Klaic, Z., Koracin, D., 2019. Exploring atmospheric stagnation during a severe particulate matter air pollution episode over complex terrain in Santiago , Chile. Environmental Pollution. 244, 705-714.
  31. Toro, R., Catalàn, F., Urdanivia, F., Rojas, J., Manzano, C., Seguel, R., 2021. Air pollution and COVID-19 lockdown in a large South American city : Santiago Metropolitan Area , Chile. Urban Clim, 36. 100803.
  32. Wang, P., Chen, K., Zhu, S., Wang, P., Zhang, H., 2020. Resources , Conservation & Recycling Severe air pollution events not avoided by reduced anthropogenic activities during COVID-19 outbreak. Resour. Conserv. Recycl. 158, 104814.
  33. WHO, 2011. Urban outdoor air pollution database. Tech. rep. Department of Public Health and Environment.
  34. WHO, 2000. Air quality guidelines for Europe.
  35. Zoran, M.A., Savastru, R.S., Savastru, D.M., Tautan, M.N., 2020. Assessing the relationship between ground levels of ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide ( NO2 ) with coronavirus ( COVID-19 ) in Milan , Italy. Sci. Total Environ. 740, 140005.

Copyright @2019 | Designed by: Open Journal Systems Chile Logo Open Journal Systems Chile Support OJS, training, DOI, Indexing, Hosting OJS

Code under GNU license: OJS PKP