Vol 71 No 1 (2026): Journal of The Chilean Chemical Society - Special Issue in Tribute to Professor Mario Silva (In Memoriam)
Original Research Papers
ECOTOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE INSECTIVCIDE PROTEINS CRY1FA AND VIP3A IN TRANSGENIC MAIZE FR-BT1 AND V20(S2) ON NON-TARGET ORGANISMS
Published
August 2, 2026
Keywords
- Transgenic maize FR-Bt1 and V20(S2),
- insecticidal proteins Cry1Fa and Vip3A,
- ecotoxicology,
- Spodoptera frugiperda
How to Cite
Paz, C., BEIRO CASTRO, O. B. C., DOMINGUEZ LINARES, Y., TÉLLEZ RODRÍGUEZ, P., FERRER COLÁS, A., NOA-RODRÍGUEZ, A. C., LORIGA LOACES, E., AYRA-PARDO, C., MORÁN-BERTOT, I., HERNÁNDEZ-HERNÁNDEZ, D., ESTRADA GARCÍA, M. P., & VILLEGAS, C. (2026). ECOTOXICOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF THE INSECTIVCIDE PROTEINS CRY1FA AND VIP3A IN TRANSGENIC MAIZE FR-BT1 AND V20(S2) ON NON-TARGET ORGANISMS. Journal of the Chilean Chemical Society, 71(1), 6484 - 6489. Retrieved from https://jcchems.com/index.php/JCCHEMS/article/view/2905
Copyright (c) 2026 SChQ
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Abstract
The corn borer (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a major pest causing significant damage to corn crops due to its difficult management. As an alternative for pest control, the Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Center of La Habana in Cuba (CIGB) developed the transgenic corn varieties FR-Bt1 and V20(S2), which are resistant to the corn borer due to the over expression of two insecticidal proteins Cry1Fa and Vip3A. However, it is crucial to assess the risks associated with the expression of these proteins on non-target organisms present in the maize ecosystem. In this study, an ecotoxicological evaluation was conducted to assess the toxicity of Cry1Fa and Vip3A proteins, both in their active and inactive forms, as well as plant samples from transgenic and conventional corn crops, on bioindicator species of ecosystems. Organisms were exposed to safe concentrations of insecticidal proteins and plant samples via oral administration. Terrestrial organisms included beneficial insects (Chrysopa exterior and Trichogramma pintoi), pollinators (Apis mellifera), and the decomposer earthworm (Eisenia andrei), while aquatic species included fish (Brachydanio rerio) and frogs (Osteopilus septentrionalis). Toxicity signs and mortality were evaluated in these biomodels. The results showed no physiological, behavioral, or mortality alterations in the species tested. Overall, the insecticidal proteins expressed in the transgenic corn crops FR-Bt1 and V20(S2), as well as the plant samples, were not toxic to the bioindicator species under laboratory conditions.
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[26] Thompson, H. Elston, Ch. (2024) What can laboratory studies tell us about potential effects of pesticides on nontarget arthropods populations and communities in the field?. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management, 20(6): 2326–2333, https://doi.org/10.1002/ieam.4987
[27] Duan, J. J., Marvier, M., Huesing, J., Dively, G. & Huang, Z.Y. (2008). A meta-analysis of effects of Bt crops on honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae). PloS one, 3(1), e1415. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0001415
[28] Ibrahim M.M. Devi Y.K. (2022) Acute Toxicity of some toxins and air pollutants on honey bee, Apis mellifera L. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Allied Sciences 5(1): (20-25)
[29] Lee, M.S., Dolek, M., Otto M. Lang A. (2025). Larval consumption of Cry1F maize pollen causes adverse effects in four non-target Lepidoptera species, Science of The Total Environment, Volume 970, 178951, ISSN 0048-9697, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.178951
[30] Lawo NC, Romeis J. (2010). Assessing the utilization of carbohydrate food source and the effect of insecticidal proteins on larvae of the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea. Biol Control, 54(3):248-55
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